

The role of individual artists also began to shift in the Qajar period. Whereas earlier Persian painters often worked anonymously within workshops, Qajar artists like Sani ol-Molk, Kamal-ol-Molk, and Abu'l-Hasan Ghaffari gained fame for their personal contributions to the arts. Their signatures and reputations became part of the artwork’s value, indicating a move toward the modern concept of the artist as an individual creator.