Masjid al-Haram's Expansion: From Umar's Short Wall to Zamzam-Water Robots

The origins of the Kaaba itself, and by extension the mosque that houses it, trace back to the time of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham). As documented by the University of Umm Al-Qura in its research “The History and Architecture of the Two Holy Mosques,” Prophet Ibrahim was divinely instructed to build the Kaaba as a central site for worship and pilgrimage. His son Isma'il (Ishmael) assisted him, and their efforts laid the foundation for a sacred space that would remain significant for millennia.